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Dalyan - History |
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Dalyan-Caunos-
Kaunos was said to have been founded by Kaunos, son of Miletos and Kyane,
on the southern coast of Caria, opposite Rhodes, and was known as Rhodian Peraea,
at the foot of Mount Tarbelos. Its acropolis was called Imbros. It exported,
chiefly to Rome, highly prized figs. It was the home of the painter Protogenes.
The "Synecdemus" of Hierocles and most "Notitiae episcopatuum",
as late as the twelfth or thirteenth century, place it in Lycia, as a suffragan
of Myra.
The name of Dalyan comes
from the crawls dating back to the 19.th century. A crawl means "fish trap
and fishing or fish production station".
It was established as a fishing village in the last century. On the wharf
there's a mosque which belong to the last century. Its name comes from crawls
which were set up on the Dalyan river
Founded around the 9th century BC, Kaunos became an important Carian city in 400
B.C.. Right on the border with the Kingdom of Lycia , its culture
reflected aspects of both Kingdoms. The tombs, for instance, are in Lycian
style. When Mausolos of Halicarnassus was
ruler of Caria, his Hellenistic influence reached the Kaunians, who eagerly
adopted the culture.
The Carian city wall built by Maussolos, the Lycian and Carian tombs, the
medieval walls on the acropolis, a Roman fountain dedicated to Vespasianus, a
theater from the 2nd century BC, remains of 4 temples, massive Roman baths and a
Byzantine basilica of 5th/8th centuries. The rock tombs sculpted in the form of the porticoes of small Ionic temples. These are among the most splendid examples of Lycian-type funerary architecture in Turkey, although the builders were Carians. The original occupants of the tombs are obscure but are assumed to have been Kaunian noblemen; in most cases they were vacated and reused in Roman times. Mulda
district history. In
ancient times in Anatolia, the region between the Meander (Menderes) and
Indus (Dalaman) rivers in the south was called Caria. The inhabitants were
Carians and Lelegians. In his Iliad, Homeros describes the Carians as the
natives of Anatolia, defending their country against Greeks in joint cam-paigns
in collaboration with the Trojans. The
ancient name of Mugla is open for discussion. Various sources refer
to the city as Mogola, Mobella or Mobolia.
There are almost no ruins to enlighten the history of Muğla. On the high hill to the north of the city, the presence of
some insignificant ancient remains indicate that the acropolis was located here.
Two inscriptions unearthed within the city are from the 2nd century B.C.,
attesting to Rhodian domination.
In 13th century B.C., following the invasion by Ramses II, the Carian region was
under Egyptian rule for some time. The Anatolian tribes were defeated during the
Trojan War and the Dorians settled along the southern shores in 1000 B.C. In 546
B.C., the Persians enslaved the Lycian King Croesus and took over the region
when Caria became a satrap ship governed by kings of its own race.
In 334 B.C., Alexander arrived in Anatolia and, following the shore line,
conquered first Halicarnassos (Bodrum) and then Mugla. After his with-drawal
from the region, Muğla went through a dark period of tumult. In 188 B.C.,
with the aid of the Romans, Muğla fell under the reign of the Pergamum
Kingdom. Attalus III, the King of
Pergamum, bequeathed all the kingdom, including the Muğla region, to the
Romans in 133 B.C., by virtue of which the city became a Roman province. For
little time the area changed hands among various generals and dicta-tors. In 395
A.D., when the Roman Empire was divided in two, it became part of the
Eastern Romans & Byzantians
The Byzantian reign came to an end in 800 A.D. when the Abbasid Caliph Harun Al-Rashid
arrived in the region, whereupon the Islamic influence became predomi-nant.
Following the Manzikert (Malazgirt) War, Anatolia was "Turkified" and
some sources mention the arrival of Suleiman Shah (Kilij Aslan I) in 1074 A.D.
Seljukians in 1284,
the region was called Menteşe due to the domination by Menteşe Beg.
During the reign of the last Chief of Menteşe, Ilyas Beg, by late 14th
century (1390-1391), the region was con-quered by Bayezid I (The
Thunderbolt) and, following the invasion of Tamerlane (Timur), it was
captured by the Ottomans in 1424 which was the starting point of dominant
Turkish rule. |
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